【GMAT考满分阅读RC题库】The traditional model of employer-employee relatio_真题_答案

GWD - 阅读RC - 308

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The traditional model of employer-employee relations in the United States was a "psychological contract" in which employees made long-term commitments to organizations in exchange for long-term job security, training and development, and internal opportunities for promotion. Beginning mainly with the recession in the early 1970's, this paradigm began to unravel. Organizations began using extensive downsizing and outsourcing to decrease the number of permanent employees in the workforce. Among employees this situation has resulted in a decided shift in desire: instead of working their way up in an organization, many now prefer to work their way out. Entrepreneurship at the small business administration are now the fastest-growing majors in business schools.

Several factors have generated movement from the old paradigm to the new one. Organizations have had legitimate and pressing reasons to shift to a new paradigm of employer-employee relations. Large numbers of permanent employees make it difficult for organizations to respond quickly to downturns in demand by decreasing payroll costs. The enormous rights in wrongful discharge suites has created incentives for organizations to use temporary, contract, and leased employees in order to distance themselves from potential litigation problems. Moreover, top management is under increased pressure from shareholders to generate higher and higher levels of return on investment in the short run, resulting in declines in hiring, increases in layoffs, and shortage of funds for employee development.

At the same time, a lack of forthrightness on the part of organizations has led to increased cynicism among employees about management's motivation and competence. Employees are now working 15 percent more hours per week than they were 20 years ago, but organizations acknowledge this fact only by running stress-management workshops to help employees to cope. Sales people are being asked to increase sales at the same time organizations have cut travel, phone, and advertising budgets. Employees could probably cope effectively with changes in the psychological contract if organizations were more forthright about how they were changing it. But the euphemistic jargon used by executives to justify the changes they were implementing frequently backfires; rather than engendering sympathy for management's position, it sparks employees' desire to be free of the organization all together. In a recent study of employees' attitudes about management, 49 percent of the sample strongly agreed that "management will take advantage of you if given the chance."

Which of the following best characterizes the function of the final sentence of the passage ?

AIt is such as an alternative explanation for phenomenon discussed earlier in the passage.
BIt provides data intended to correct a common misconception.
CIt further weakens an argument that is being challenged by the author.
DIt introduces a specific piece of evidence in support of a claim made at beginning of the final paragraph
EIt answers a question that is implicit in the preceding sentence.

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正确答案: D

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阿玦

C：这是一篇现象解释性的文章，不存在weaken的问题，全篇只是在提出现象，然后后面两端从两个角度对现象形成的原因进行解释

BE：这句是对前面一句话的举例论证，补充说明的关系，不存在纠正观点或者回答问题这样的平行关系

2016-12-23 16:35:58 IP属地：局域网举报

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洋葱神枪手

这篇文章的结构是1. 说明变化 2.来自公司的变化 3. 来自员工的变化
所以说2+3都是在解释1的变化的，只不过是角度不同。所以说这道题最后一段应该是support的作用。错选C，看到further就选了，没有把选项看完就急选了一个，戒掉戒掉啊！

2015-08-21 10:24:25 IP属地：广东举报

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string1010

其他选项都错，所以选D：A不是explanation,B没有data,C是strengthen,E没有question

2015-12-23 15:10:23 IP属地：广东举报

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danislj1227126

第一句说了大家会怀疑管理者的动机和能力，最后一句的数据正好说明大家觉得管理者会利用员工，只要有机会，印证第一句的动机不纯。

2016-05-26 10:20:45 IP属地：美国举报

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MissMist

段首句或是论点句看清楚点- -

2014-06-19 00:28:36 IP属地：北京举报

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蔓蒂潘

At the same time, a lack of forthrightness on the part of organizations has led to increased cynicism among employees about management’s motivation and competence. 这句求大神们翻译一下吧！
还有这一句\"management will take advantage of you if given the chance.\"

2014-12-13 17:13:36 IP属地：江西举报

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MartinTao 回复蔓蒂潘

take advantage of sb/sth 利用...

2019-09-18 00:02:29 IP属地：北京举报

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kkkillthegmat

C的further weaken the argument being challenged by the author是错哒~~因为这是为作者认为“直接管理的缺失加剧雇员对管理能力和动机的质疑”的论据~~因为49%的雇员都认为管理者只要有机会就会从他们身上拿好处（就是对管理动机的质疑）

2014-12-26 23:03:02 IP属地：广东举报

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producer张

翻译：与此同时，这些公司组织所缺少的直率和坦诚也导致了员工们对待管理者的动机和能力越来越质疑和愤怒。如果有机会，管理者就会利用你。

2015-07-25 10:42:47 IP属地：河北举报

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Benwant700

求问C呀

2014-09-12 12:02:58 IP属地：局域网举报

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SapphireJoa

所以这句话是在补充说明increased cynicism among employees 有哪些吗

2016-11-15 05:00:29 IP属地：加拿大举报

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正确率： 74%

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GWD

GWD
PREP07 Test 1
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PREP2012
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PREP08 Test 1
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SET 1

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