【GMAT考满分阅读RC题库】The modern multinational corporation is described _真题_答案

PREP2012 - 阅读RC - 1

题目内容

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题目材料

The modern multinational corporation is described as having originated when the owner-managers of nineteenth-century British firms carrying on international trade were replaced by teams of salaried managers organized into hierarchies. Increases in the volume of transactions in such firms are commonly believed to have necessitated this structural change. Nineteenth-century inventions like the steamship and the telegraph, by facilitating coordination of managerial activities, are described as key factors. Sixteenth-and seventeenth—century chartered trading companies, despite the international scope of their activities, are usually considered irrelevant to this discussion：the volume of their transactions is assumed to have been too low and the communications and transport of their day too primitive to make comparisons with modern multinationals interesting.

In reality, however, early trading companies successfully purchased and outfitted ships, built and operated offices and warehouses, manufactured trade goods for use abroad, maintained trading posts and production facilities overseas, procured goods for Import, and sold those goods both at home and in other countries. The large volume of transactions associated with these activities seems to have necessitated hierarchical management structures well before the advent of modern communications and transportation. For example, in the Hudson's Bay Company, each far-flung trading outpost was managed by a salaried agent, who carried out the trade with the Native Americans, managed day-to-day operations, and oversaw the post's workers and servants. One chief agent, answerable to the Court of Directors in London through the correspondence committee, was appointed with control over all of the agents on the bay.

The early trading companies did differ strikingly from modern multinationals in many respects. They depended heavily on the national governments of their home countries and thus characteristically acted abroad to promote national interests. Their top managers were typically owners with a substantial minority share, whereas senior managers' holdings in modern multinationals are usually insignificant.They operated in a preindustrial world, grafting a system of capitalist international trade onto a premodern system of artisan and peasant production. Despite these differences however, early trading companies organized effectively in remarkably modern ways and merit further study as analogues of more modern structures.

The author's main point is that

Amodern multinationals originated in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries with the establishment of chartered trading companies
Bthe success of early chartered trading companies, like that of modern multinationals, depended primarily on their ability to carry out complex operations
Cearly chartered trading companies should be more seriously considered by scholars studying the origins of modern multinationals
Dscholars are quite mistaken concerning the origins of modern multinationals
Ethe management structures of early chartered trading companies are fundamentally the same as those of modern multinationals

显示答案

正确答案: C

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fan6chen

最后一句文章中心，merit值得

2015-12-01 16:49:28 IP属地：北京举报

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ren491617196

尾句体现出了作者的主旨：一个建议、忠告
Despite these differences however, early trading companies organized effectively in remarkably modern ways and merit further study as analogues of more modern structures.

也有类似的文章，基于前文一系列的分析、解释、论证，在结尾提出一个建议。那么这篇文章的主旨很有可能就是 “针对某个问题提出建议(propose、should)”，或者是 ”解释某个问题并提出建议（propose、provide measures）“

2015-09-10 16:49:08 IP属地：北京举报

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li2016

‘’题目问的是作者的main point,而我选择了E,E是说作者认为早期的和现代的在管理结构上相同，这也许是作者可能会提出的一种观点，但是这不是作者的main point，主旨题目应该从整个全文的行文来确定作者的意图。所以再看C.可以在最后一句的however后面体现出来
E选项只是用来证明作者想说的东西。不是作者的主要观点。

2016-02-26 15:51:27 IP属地：北京举报

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Cindycandyl 回复 li2016

其实我觉得最后一句话就是文章的中心但是它的意思是可以通过类比研究现代管理的结构不能说它们的结构相等

2018-11-24 16:31:56 IP属地：北京举报

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yyyvette

主旨题：一定要清晰的提炼文章结构注意文章间的转折词边读边提炼永远不要忘想作者想告诉你什么找对文章的重点！

2014-09-25 16:06:18 IP属地：北京举报

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蔡凝

经常陷入一种，我觉得它会这么说，选项模模糊糊的，结果感觉哪个都不对，看了答案觉得错误的特别错，对的也没特别对

2019-03-28 23:54:46 IP属地：北京举报

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RosetteChan

原来merit是值得 deserve的意思 ...主旨题看头看尾很重要，尤其是这种关键性的句子

2015-08-25 17:06:34 IP属地：局域网举报

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周乐殊

不知道大家发现没有，A D其实讲的是一件事情。
A：现代公司起源于，16-17世纪的特许贸易公司(CTC)的成立。
D：学者们对于现代跨国公司的起源完全是错的。（即：学者们认为“现代公司起源于19世纪的公司”这件事是错的，也就意味着：作者认为现代公司起源于16-17世纪CTC——也就是A选项的内容）

2019-09-28 01:34:54 IP属地：北京举报

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Peterbearpan 回复周乐殊

个人认为不一样，作者只是反对了起源于19世纪贸易公司的说法，给出了evidence是16-17世纪就已经具备现代公司管理架构的业务量了，并没有说就是起源于16-17世纪。所以A和D在我看来还是有区别的。就好比，一个流派历史学家说某个文明起源于公元1世纪，作者说并不是起源于1世纪，因为公元前200年就已经有这个文明的痕迹了。这里作者只是否定前一个理论，自己没有给出新的理论。

2019-10-01 19:59:15 IP属地：北京举报

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lavenderP

正确选项是“early chartered trading companies should be more seriously considered by scholars studying the origins of modern multinationals”读文章时不够仔细。尽管知道文章想说19世纪英国开始发源是不准确的，但没细想重点是学者应该谨慎利用knowledge而非告诉你一个新事实。（况且也不是事实，没去找定位直接靠感觉总是不稳妥的！）

2014-07-12 22:07:05 IP属地：广东举报

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键盘独奏

解释中说D错误是因为原文中并没有提到scholar的事儿，所以不正确；可是C选项也提到了scholar的事儿啊，说是提醒scholars要注意早期贸易公司对现代贸易公司的影响。D不也是这个意思么？在考虑现代贸易公司起源上是有问题的，没有关注到早期贸易公司的影响。为什么D不对？

2014-08-10 08:45:44 IP属地：局域网举报

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jiajiajiajiajia1 回复键盘独奏

D想要表达的意思是没错，但是不如C好啊！D光说scholar错了，但是C还能明白指出错哪了呢。那你选择选项的时候，既然两个都没错，你是选择模糊的还是更清晰的啊？当然选更清晰的啊

2018-08-14 16:18:42 IP属地：北京举报

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蔓蒂潘

2014-10-25 14:28:38 IP属地：江苏举报

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正确率： 55%

难度：

选择材料题号

PREP2012

GWD
PREP07 Test 1
PREP07 Test 2
PREP2012
OG16
OG17
PREP08 Test 1
PREP08 Test 2
Manhattan
Magoosh
OG18
OG18-数学分册
OG18-语文分册
OG19
OG19-语文分册
OG19-数学分册
OG20
OG20-语文分册
OG20-数学分册

SET 1

题目来源

题目来源1:PREP2012

题目来源2:PREP07 Test 2

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