Whereas the use of synthetic fertilizers has greatly expanded agricultural productivity in many parts of the world, an increase in their use can create serious environmental problems such as water pollution, and their substitution for more traditional fertilizers may accelerate soil structure deterioration and soil erosion.
语法 Sentence Correction-3371
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sonic 2014-08-22 16:42:23
忽略點： [平行]→看到and要自然反應；所以刪去B； [脫節]→以副詞子句開頭，下一個子句一定要使用名詞子句作為主要子句，刪去C； [such as]→舉例時，GMAT偏向以such as為代表，刪去E。 A and D比較； A的their一直搞不懂為什麼沒有歧異存在，因為前面並沒有所有格名詞，所以得出結論，所有格代名詞不等於前面一定要有「所有格名詞」作為先行詞(華爾街報社那一題也表明了這個事實)，並須以代名詞的觀點著手；依照這樣的觀點，their=synthetic fertilizers，所以沒有歧異； 另外，GMAT考試中，以「句型結構」>「平行結構」>主動詞一致>代名詞的順序去設計，所以A>D
ziyi001 2014-05-05 16:46:45
A bit of a red herring - you could technically construct the sentence correctly either way. I'd prefer the "an increase in their use" however because that emphasizes the distinction I'm trying to make - the key point is the increase, and this is emphasized by making "the increase" the subject. But I'd go look for other, more definitive grammar errors first before deciding on this. Luci correctly points out a distinction between "such as" and "like" in the answers. Such as means "for example" - like means "similar to." (In everyday spoken language, people use "like" as the default now - but that's grammatically incorrect.) Eliminate B and E. (B also has a pronoun error - "it" refers to a plural noun.) C messes up the contrast I want to make by starting with "if these fertilizers." Also generally kind of awkward / wordy, but only use that as a tiebreak. The problem with D lies at the end of the choice: "while if substituted for more traditional fertilizers, this substitution..." Notice the first part of that, before the comma - it never actually mentions what is being substituted, either via a noun or pronoun. This is a modifying clause. The modifier is meant to modify "synthetic fertilizers" which is a noun, so this is a noun modifier - and noun modifiers must touch the noun they modify. But "this substitution" follows the comma, not "synthetic fertilizers" (or some other noun or pronoun that refers to synthetic fertilizers). No good. Eliminate D. Which leaves us with A. Notice that A doesn't sound particularly good. But there's nothing grammatically wrong with it... It's not uncommon for A to sound not-so-good when it is the right answer - otherwise, how would they get someone to cross off A when it's right, especially on a hard question?
fishanne 2016-01-08 01:37:34
and连接两个句子 ， an increase create problems 逻辑正确
ethansue 2016-08-05 16:41:24
选项B，错误 1）举例用such as,而不用like 2 ) synthetic fertilizers 不用用IT指代，单复数不一致 选项C, WRONG 第一个they指代fertilizers作creat serious environmental problems的主语不符合逻辑及 ，应该是fertilizers的增长引起环境问题，而不是fertilizers本身;第二个they指代对象不清楚。 选项D，错误 while if substituted for more traditional fertilizers, this substitution 逻辑主语不对 选项E，错误 举例要用SUCH AS，；两句应该是并列举行，而非转折；
tian4690 2016-04-02 10:46:06
Whereas作连词引导从句，主句应当以名词主语开头。
ypheroin 2016-01-27 20:16:36
substitution是代替，不能做代替物（虽然有道词典说可以作“代替物”解释）所以，原句中their substitution for more TF -- “这种用SF代替TF的行为”
ypheroin 2016-01-27 20:16:35
substitution是代替，不能做代替物（虽然有道词典说可以作“代替物”解释）所以，原句中their substitution for more TF -- “这种用SF代替TF的行为”
juncylam 2015-09-22 11:15:57
举例用such as 而非like an increase放在句首起强调作用
SharonUSA 2015-09-20 10:42:58
错是、选D the increased usage of these fertilizers can create serious environmental problems such as water pollution, while if substituted for more traditional fertilizers, this substitution① if substituted…, this substitution…的表达方式啰嗦不简洁②改变了原句用and引导的并列关系，while表示转折，但是原文想要表达的意思是并列（合成化肥既制造环境问题又加速土壤结构毁坏）
isammi7 2015-07-30 09:31:28
B：like用法错；it指代不清 C：逻辑错，句意是说化肥的增加使用会导致环境问题，而不是化肥本身会导致环境问题；they指代不清 D：while表转折，但原文没有转折关系在里面 E：like用法错应该用such as
前程万里两不相干 2015-07-30 02:47:30
their 优先指代主语，而不是主语的修饰成分或者宾语
tricolorviola 2015-07-12 17:25:43
DE选项usage的意思是用途和用法，改变了use of fertilizer的含义，后者含义是肥料的应用，因此不好。 而这里可以用their use，因为前文已经说过 the use of ...
