Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the argument?
【选项】The naturally occurring fullerenes are arranged in a previously unknown crystalline structure.
逻辑链:F:即便fs分子最先在实验室中被发现,他们已经存在于自然中,形成于沥青的裂缝中。 P:实验室中合成的f需要独特的温度和压力条件 C:这个发现能给地理学家一个机会去测试当这些f在自然条件下形成时地球的状态。 要想削弱原文,就得说这个发现是无法帮助地理学家去测试地球的状态的。作者得出这个结论是有思维漏洞的。这个选项说自然形成的f是在未知的结晶体里形成的。对f在自然中形成的条件都不了解,当然无法去探究它形成时候地壳的状态了。
能用F在地球上的发现推断地质的前提是两者的相似性,但是如果晶体结构不同的话,那么实验室的条件和地球构造也无相似性,所以不能比较 逻辑的推理是类比,即根据F的相似性推出地质,这里直接说明二者的不同 crystalline晶体结构,即自然发现的F可能不全是油carbon组成的,要求的distinctive condition与我们知道的不一样,人不能从未知得到确定的结论
就是这个previously,题中说现在lab发现,然后再nature发现,而在nature中发现的f之前并不知道它的晶体结构,也就是说最初在lab发现的f晶体结构并不与nature的相同。
文章是说因为在实验室中合成fullerenes需要特定的温度和气压条件,所以这一发现可以用来检验当fullerenes形成的时候地球地壳的状态。实验退广题,要去想是否有什么条件与科学家想的不一样。D选项是说fullerenes是处在一种之前不知道的晶体结构中,所以不同的结构需要的条件不一样,和现在测出来的条件就会不一样。
这种题目需要找到的就是实验室和现实中的差别,导致现实中没办法顺利进行探测。
对f的构造都不清楚,肯定无法再推出当时的地壳状态
在自然中形成的F 没有与实验室形成的一样的结构,就代表他们的形成条件可能不同
Then I get to D and realize it's better than B - it strongly undermines. The naturally occurring Earth fullerenes are definitely of a different structure than the lab-made ones. If that's the case, then I can't just assume that the process to make them in the lab is analogous to the process to make them naturally
类比推理题,CQ1真的有相似性吗? 原文说的是实验室条件,这里说自然条件下不同,没有相似性,削弱
Tricky one. I agree B is tempting, but I think I'd go with D here. Fullerenes found in lab first. (Does it really say "found"? Not created or something like that?) Then were found in nature. The lab fullerenes were synthesized at specific T and P. Therefore, geologists should be able to tell something about T and P of Earth's crust when natural ones were formed. Connection is the assumption that the way the fullerenes were formed in the lab is analogous to the way they were formed in nature. I'd label choice B "slightly weakens" - it opens up the possibility that maybe the fullerenes found on Earth came from outer space. Doesn't mean they definitely did, though. Then I get to D and realize it's better than B - it strongly undermines. The naturally occurring Earth fullerenes are definitely of a different structure than the lab-made ones. If that's the case, then I can't just assume that the process to make them in the lab is analogous to the process to make them naturally.
fullerences的晶体结构并不知道,无法了解the state of earth's crust
削弱前提,从而得不出结论;自然获得的f物质是由未知晶体组成的,这晶体不一定跟实验室里已知的distinctive condition有关系,所以没法帮助地理学家评估地球
C= fullernfeses synthesis in lab is analogous to fullerneses formed in nature , thus able to project T&P of earth crest. weaken= different structure ,one in unknown structure.
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