This, That, These, Those

  我们来看一个例子:

  ◆ The money spent by her parents is less than THAT spent by her children.

 

  上面的例子中that spent by her children 意思是the money spent by her children,也就是说这两部分钱是不一样的,一部分钱是由父母花另一部分由小孩花。所以在使用it 和they 时,其所指代的东西是同样的:

  ◆ The money spent by her parents is more than IT was expected to be.

 

  而that 和those 时必须对其所说明的词进行修饰以示区分。

  ◆ The money spent by her parents is less than THAT SPENT by her children.

  ◆ Her company is outperforming THAT OF her competitor.

 

  有一点不同的是,GMAT要求使用that和those时其所指代的内容其数量必须是相同的,如果数量有变化则要使用原先的名词,例如:

  ◆ Wrong: Her company is outperforming THOSE OF her competitors.

  ◆ Right: Her company is outperforming THE COMPANIES OF her competitors.

 

  最后,GMAT考试中使用it, they,或 them而不使用this、these、that 或者 those来替换名词,除非修饰that或those:

  ◆ Wrong: Her products are unusual; many consider THESE unique.

  ◆ Right: Her products are unusual; many consider THEM unique.

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This,That,These,Those-1

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