[我]instead of by programming?? [正解]主语是BEAM robots,robots不能program自己来走路
by programming them 主语是 BEAM robot ,与逻辑不符。 机器人不会自己给自己编程
by programming 主语是机器人,不能自己编程
机器人自己不能program他们自己
机器人自己不能program他们自己
by using 重复,最后的them 多余
by programming them的逻辑主语是Scientists 而原句中的主语是BEAM robots 导致 机器人自己给自己编程 错误。
programme 的主语不应该是robots,
B. Instead of by programming them的主语为BEAM robots,机器人自己不能为自己编程,该句逻 辑含义不通
Instead of by programming them的主语为BEAM robots,机器人自己不能为自己编程,该句逻 辑含义不通
in choice (b), 'by programming them' doesn't make sense. to see why, drop the modifier ("called neural networks"), which doesn't affect the sentence's grammar or parallelism, and observe the result: Pioneered by scientists at Los Alamos National Laboratory, BEAM robots learn to walk through trial and error by using brainlike circuits instead of by programming them there are two things very, very wrong here with this illogical parallelism (notice that the parallelism is 100% ok from a purely [i]grammatical standpoint; it's only incorrect because it makes no logical sense). first, the faulty parallelism implies that the robots themselves are programming things, because "by programming..." is grammatically, and therefore logically, parallel to "by using..." (which refers to the robots). second, according to the parallelism, "them" would refer to the circuits, not the robots. in fact, "them" can't refer to the robots in this construction, because "robots" is actually still the subject at this point. if "them" were to refer to the robots, it'd have to appear as "themselves" - which would be grammatically ok, but still absurd. so overall, choice (b) says that robots are programming circuits, when it's supposed to say that humans are programming robots. not good.
主语是BEAM robots,robots不能program自己来走路
programming应该是被动形式,该句的主动形式表达robots programming them。robots不能给自己编程 instead of后面只跟名词或名词短语
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