doing/to do/that(who)都可以作定语修饰名词,但to do也可以做状语表目的,容易引起歧义。
﹝時態﹞看到 [ In+一段時間 ],表示一般過去式
到达某个数字 是 to xx
the present participle is fine. it can be used with all tenses of main verbs, to describe actions contemporaneous with the time frame described in the main clause. the only requirement is that there be at least one tensed verb (i.e., definitively in the past, present, future, etc. tense). for instance: shakespeare used his own innovative sonnet form, though most poets writing at the same time used the petrarchan sonnet form. in this sentence, there are 2 verbs in the simple past tense (both instances of 'used'), so the sentence is anchored in the simple past tense. it's ok to use the present participle 'writing', which signifies only that the writing occurs at the same time as the tensed verbs in the sentence (in this case, in the past). this present participle does NOT signify that the action takes place in the present! (notice that 'present participle' is somewhat of a misnomer. when you learn the function of different grammatical structures, try not to concentrate on their names, but, rather, on their functions.) if you want an example of a present participle that doesn't work because it's not anchored by any tensed verb, check out #75 in the yellow o.g. (please don't post details of that problem here.) the choices involving the present participle in that problem are incorrect, inter alia, because there aren't any other past-tense verbs to anchor the sentence.
In 1997, 一般过去时, jump to
jump to is idiomatic
句子结构:…, despite an economy…, the number of… citizens… jumped by…, to… 考点:动词形式、习惯用语、逻辑表达 1) 动词形式,in+年代,是表示过去的时间状语,用一般过去时态。 2) 习惯用语-jump to,如果jump表示数量或水平的进步到一定程度,常跟介词to,而不是at。 3) 逻辑表达-定语,分词、定语从句、不定式都可以作定语修饰名词,但不定式作定语要慎用,因为不定式也可作状语表目的,容易产生歧义。 (A) 现在完成时态错误,In 1997是表过去的时间状语,应该用一般过去时;此句中jump后应该跟介词to。 (B) 正确,分词declaring作后置定语修饰citizens。 (C) 现在完成时态错误。 (D) 此句中jump后应该跟介词to。 (E) 此句中jump后应该跟介词to。 补充说明:介词despite Despite: prep. =in spite of. You use despite to introduce a fact which makes the other parts of the sentence surprising. 后跟名词。
时态不要错,看到1997没有反应么? Jumped to....不要怀疑自己的正常判断
jump to 固定搭配 despite 后跟名词
jump to 固定搭配 despite 后跟名词
V-ing作定语修饰citizens 表主动
动词形式,in+年代,是表示过去的时间状语,用一般过去时态
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