heh. it looks like choice (a) is an "indian trap" seriously, not a joke. if there is a single biggest issue in the grammar of second-language english speakers who happen to hail from india or pakistan, that issue is the drastic overuse of the "are ...ing" construction. (native speakers of english will recognize "are producing" at once as awkward.) another problem with part (a) is the modifier. although "providing... and milking..." is a grammatically acceptable modifier, it doesn't make any sense in context, since these are not two things that farmers do WHILE or AS A CONSEQUENCE OF keeping the cows cool. (if you're going to use comma + -ing, then one of these two should hold.) see #124 (og 12th edition) or #127 (og 11th edition), correct answer, for a sentence in which such a modifier actually does make sense. the official answer, (e), is tricky indeed. you have to parse it as follows: you KEEP THE COWS cool you KEEP THE COWS provided with... and you KEEP THE COWS milked regularly ugly. very ugly. but (e) is the least ugly of the bunch, so it wins the proverbial pageant. i would much prefer "keep them cool, provide them with..., and milk them...", but that isn't there, of course. -- note that you also can't say "THE holstein cows", unless you're referencing a particular, specific, known group of holstein cows (something that you clearly aren't doing). since you're talking about holstein cows in general, you don't use the article "the". this is another thing well known, totally subconsciously, to native speakers of english; it's hard-won wisdom for non-native speakers.
自己的一点看法:doing表伴随修饰修饰句子且由主语发出,而前面是for farmer,farmer不是主语,因此优先有时后面的句子主语
伴随状语逻辑无错误 错在结尾的are producing 无根据
Ron: Indian trap, native speakers of english will recognize "are producing" at once as awkward 现在进行时非常awkward,用will至少还可以表达预期效果。 cool, provided, and milked并列,因为主语是牛不是人,所以伴随应该是被动态,其他杀
For引导介系词词组作表语提到句首,整个句子使用到装,provided and milked并列修饰主语Holstein cows。
你就想后面两个过去分词是形容词,你就找有没有形容词能和它们并列,发现是cool。
完整句子是For the farmer who takes care to keep them cool, keep them provided them with high-energy feed, and keep them milked regularly,是作为形容词出现的。另外,are producing...each per year,are和each不兼容。
are producing不对
主语逻辑错误
主语是cows,是providing,milking动作的受动者。
are doing ....per year -awkward "providing and milking " can't act"while " or as "consequence of " "keep them cool". thus not logic keep them cool, ( keep them) provided with and ( keep them ) milked regularly ..... correct
providing和milking的形式是在做伴随状语修饰keep,逻辑上错误
A.providing和milking的形式是在做伴随状语修饰keep,逻辑上错误;无理由使用are producing进行时态,native speakers of english will recognize "are producing" at once as awkward。
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