不定式在句子中可以充当很多成分,如名词,形容词或副词:
◆ Noun: I love TO SWIM. To swim 作为love 的宾语.
◆ Adjective: The person TO MEET is here. To meet 修饰名词person .
◆ Adverb: Sue paused TO EAT lunch. To eat 修饰动词paused .
对于不定式的使用,我们也更应该关注不定式所要表达的目的:
Right: The contractors demolished the building TO KEEP it from falling down accidentally.
demolished 的发起者是contractors ,同时也是不定式to keep的发起者,它描述了demolish 的目的,这里的it 指代building。我们再看一个例子:
Wrong: The building was demolished TO AVOID falling down accidentally.
上面的例子中building 本身不可能AVOID falling down,对于上面例子可以这样修改:
The building was demolished TO KEEP IT from falling down accidentally.
这里的it 指代building ,经过这样修改,building 变成了不定式的宾语。不定式虽然可騨发名词用但还是和名词有许多不同的地方,比如不能作为介词的宾语。
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